IPR4-5

Allows limited use of copyrighted material without requiring permission from the rights holders. It provides for the legal, non-licensed citation or incorporation of copyrighted material in another author's work under a four-factor balancing test. It is based on free speech rights provided by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. The term "fair use" is unique to the United States. The legal concept of "copyright" was first ratified by the United Kingdom's Statute of Anne of 1709. The courts gradually created a doctrine of "fair abridgment," which later became "fair use”. The doctrine only existed in the U.S. as common law until it was incorporated into the Copyright Act of 1976.
 * Fair use**

ü  In order to modify an original created work you need to get an Open Software License (OSL). ü  With this license you can reproduce the original work in copies or as a collective work or to translate, adept, alter, transform, modify or re-arrange the original work. In doing so you have created Derivative Works. ü  You can also distribute copies of the original work or the derivative work to the public, to perform publicly and to display the original work publicly. ü  After you obtain your OSL, you can get a Grant of Patent License which grants you a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sub licensable license. ü  With this they can make, sell, use, and import the original work and derivative work. ü  After you take these steps there are several other steps you must take if you wish to further yourself in this field. You need a different license for almost every type of modifying or copying. ü  If at anytime you break contract with these license you will face a charge of “License Termination”. This will completely revoke all of your license you have acquired and you may no longer exercise any of your rights.
 * Modifying Original Work**

The copyright law was created so that publishers, authors, and musicians get awarded for the things they do, instead of someone else getting the credit for other peoples work. The law has enforced the copyright laws. The Copyright Laws have made a big impact on today’s society. Most of the works by the government are not protected by the copyright laws. Also, Public Domain is not cover by the copyright laws. Copyright laws Are laws that protect people from stealing your work or ideas. For example: if a new CD just came out and you wanted to listen to it but you had no money to buy it, so you get a friend to burn it, and you listen to the burnt disc. Your friend just admitted an illegal act by copying the CD, because the author of the CD didn’t get paid for creating the disc. The first graph is from students of Delware University from the year 2006 to 2007. Also, if you go to this site you will see the graph also but you will see the one from 2008. Also, from Delware Unviersity. http://www.udel.edu/security/copyrightstats.html http://www.rosenlaw.com/OSL3.0.htm
 * Copyright Law**

Modification of original work- http://www.library.yale.edu/~okerson/copyproj.html#ucopy http://nyls.blogs.com/ip2005/2005/10/control_of_modi.html http://www.copyright.gov/legislation/dmca.pdf http://svn.dojotoolkit.org/dojo/trunk/LICENSE http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode